The following build commands failed: PhaseScriptExecution Run\ Script build/ios-deploy.build/Release/ios-deploy.build

For those looking for a straight forward solution, I was able to resolve this on my machine following the instructions in this thread.

My environment:

OS: macOS High Sierra 10.13.5
Xcode Version: Version 9.4.1 (9F2000)

Disable "SIP"

1. Click the  symbol in the Menu bar.
2. Click Restart…
3. Hold down Command-R to reboot into Recovery Mode.
4. Click Utilities.
5. Select Terminal.
6. Enter csrutil disable.
7. Enter reboot.

Attempt install with "SIP" disabled

1. After reboot, remove XPCServices file sudo rm /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/MobileDevice.framework/XPCServices
2. Attempt install again with this command sudo npm install -g ios-deploy --unsafe-perm --allow-root
3. Install should successfully complete.

Re-enable "SIP"

1. Click the  symbol in the Menu bar.
2. Click Restart…
3. Hold down Command-R to reboot into Recovery Mode.
4. Click Utilities.
5. Select Terminal.
6. Enter csrutil enable. (important that you set it to enable here...)
7. Enter reboot.